Aplicação de programa educativo multidisciplinar em gestações de alto risco devido a doenças endócrinas / Application of multidisciplinary educational program in high-risk pregnancies due to endocrine diseases

OBJETIVO: avaliar a aplicação de um programa de intervenção multidisciplinar educativo em mulheres com gestação de alto risco devido a doenças endócrinas. MÉTODOS: avaliamos retrospectivamente a aplicação de um programa educativo multidisciplinar em 185 gestantes com doenças endócrinas referenciadas para uma maternidade especializada em gestação de alto risco. As gestantes receberam atenção pré-natal multidisciplinar por times compostos por endocrinologistas, obstetras, ultrassonografistas, enfermeiras e nutricionistas. Informações orais e escritas sobre hábitos saudáveis, cuidados com diabetes, uso de adoçantes artificiais e exercícios na gestação foram passadas na primeira consulta endocrinológica. Plano nutricional individualizado foi feito em primeira visita à nutricionista. Nas reavaliações mensais com nutricionista e quinzenais com endocrinologista, as informações sobre mudanças saudáveis no estilo de vida eram reforçadas e o peso registrado. O grau de aderência à dieta e atividade física foi autorreferido. Comparou-se o peso semanal antes e após a intervenção multidisciplinar, peso fetal ao nascimento, taxa de macrossomia e baixo peso, e a frequência de parto cesário nas quatro categorias de índice de massa corpórea (IMC) pré-gestacional (<18,5; 18,5 a 24,9; 25 a 29,9 e >30 kg/m²). RESULTADOS: a principal patologia de encaminhamento foi o diabetes (84,9 por cento). Um terço das gestantes (31,2 por cento) era composto por portadoras de sobrepeso e 42,5 por cento tinham obesidade pré-gestacional. A maior parte das gestantes foi vista pela primeira vez pela equipe multidisciplinar no terceiro trimestre (64,1 por cento), e 50,5 por cento delas excederam o ganho de peso recomendado para toda a gestação à primeira avaliação. Gestantes obesas excederam o ganho de peso recomendado em 62,5 por cento dos casos. Após a intervenção multidisciplinar, o percentual de gestantes que excedeu o ganho de peso semanal recomendado reduziu em todas ...

PURPOSE: to investigate the application of a multidisciplinary educational program to high-risk pregnancies due to endocrine diseases. METHODS: we retrospectively evaluated the application of a multidisciplinary educational program to 185 pregnant women with endocrine diseases referred to a maternity specialized in high-risk pregnancy. All pregnant women received multidisciplinary prenatal care from a team consisting of endocrinologists, obstetricians, sonographers, nurses and dietitians. Oral and written information about healthy habits, diabetes care, use of artificial sweeteners and exercise during pregnancy was given to all patients at the first endocrine consultation. An individualized nutrition plan was prepared on the occasion of the first visit to the nutritionist. In bi-weekly and monthly endocrine and nutritional visits, respectively, information about healthy changes in lifestyle was emphasized and the weight was recorded. Adherence to physical activity and nutritional counseling was self-reported. We compared the weekly weight before and after the intervention, fetal weight at birth, rate of macrosomia and low birth weight, and frequency of cesarean delivery among the four categories of body mass index (BMI) before pregnancy (<18.5, from 18.5 to 24.9, from 25 to 29.9 and >30 kg/m²). RESULTS: the main disease of referral was diabetes (84.9 percent). One third of the pregnant women (31.2 percent) were overweight and 42.5 percent were obese before pregnancy. Most women was first seen by the multidisciplinary team in the third trimester of pregnancy (64.1 percent) and 50.5 percent exceeded the recommended weight gain at first evaluation. Obese women exceeded the recommended weight gain in 62.5 percent of cases. After the intervention, the percentage of women who exceeded the recommended weekly weight gain was reduced in all categories of pre-pregnancy BMI, although a statistically significant difference was found only in the ...

[Application of multidisciplinary educational program in high-risk pregnancies due to endocrine diseases]. / Aplicação de programa educativo multidisciplinar em gestações de alto risco devido a doenças endócrinas.

PURPOSE: to investigate the application of a multidisciplinary educational program to high-risk pregnancies due to endocrine diseases. METHODS: we retrospectively evaluated the application of a multidisciplinary educational program to 185 pregnant women with endocrine diseases referred to a maternity specialized in high-risk pregnancy. All pregnant women received multidisciplinary prenatal care from a team consisting of endocrinologists, obstetricians, sonographers, nurses and dietitians. Oral and written information about healthy habits, diabetes care, use of artificial sweeteners and exercise during pregnancy was given to all patients at the first endocrine consultation. An individualized nutrition plan was prepared on the occasion of the first visit to the nutritionist. In bi-weekly and monthly endocrine and nutritional visits, respectively, information about healthy changes in lifestyle was emphasized and the weight was recorded. Adherence to physical activity and nutritional counseling was self-reported. We compared the weekly weight before and after the intervention, fetal weight at birth, rate of macrosomia and low birth weight, and frequency of cesarean delivery among the four categories of body mass index (BMI) before pregnancy (<18.5, from 18.5 to 24.9, from 25 to 29.9 and >30 kg/m²). RESULTS: the main disease of referral was diabetes (84.9%). One third of the pregnant women (31.2%) were overweight and 42.5% were obese before pregnancy. Most women was first seen by the multidisciplinary team in the third trimester of pregnancy (64.1%) and 50.5% exceeded the recommended weight gain at first evaluation. Obese women exceeded the recommended weight gain in 62.5% of cases. After the intervention, the percentage of women who exceeded the recommended weekly weight gain was reduced in all categories of pre-pregnancy BMI, although a statistically significant difference was found only in the group with normal pre-pregnancy BMI (40.6 versus 21.9%, p = 0.03). At birth, average fetal weight was similar among the various BMI categories (p=0.277). Macrosomia was more frequent in women who were overweight and obese before pregnancy. Cesarean delivery was the most frequent route of delivery, regardless of pre-pregnancy BMI. CONCLUSIONS: in high-risk pregnancies due to endocrine disorders, a multidisciplinary educational approach limits excessive weekly weight gain despite the advanced gestational age.